Work place: School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, India
E-mail: prabhisheksingh88@gmail.com
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Biography
Prabhishek Singh (Senior IEEE Member) is an Associate Professor in the School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology at Bennett University (The Times Group), Greater Noida, India, and also serves as Honorary Adjunct Faculty at Maryam Abacha American University of Nigeria. He received his Ph.D. from Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (Central University), Lucknow, in 2018. Dr. Singh has authored over 300 peer-reviewed publications in SCI, SCIE, ESCI, and Scopus venues. His research interests include multimodal medical image fusion, computer vision, deep learning, and AI-enabed healthcare analytics, and he actively contributes as journal editor and reviewer. He is listed among the World's Top 2% Scientists.
By Amit Pandey Prabhishek Singh Akansha Singh Achyut Shankar Manoj Diwakar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5815/ijigsp.2026.03.11, Pub. Date: 8 Jun. 2026
This paper presents a hybrid medical image fusion (MIF) technique (SWT-PnP-DnCNN) that combines multiscale decomposition, spatial-frequency-driven fusion, and deep denoising priors to efficiently integrate MIF images. The SWT-PnP-DnCNN begins with the Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT) to decompose input medical images into low-frequency (LFSBs) and high-frequency (HFSBs) subbands. The LFSBs are fused using spatial frequency-based weighted averaging, effectively integrating overall intensity and contrast information. For the HFSBs, a local energy and max-selection strategy is adopted to retain salient edge features from the source images. Following the initial fusion, a Plug-and-Play (PnP) optimization strategy is applied to improve this fused image. This step uses a pretrained DnCNN model as a deep denoiser, serving as an implicit image prior in a model-driven iterative framework. Each iteration alternates between a data consistency step and a denoising step, significantly reducing artifacts and enhancing structural fidelity in the result. The effectiveness of SWT-PnP-DnCNN is demonstrated on benchmark CT-MRI, MRI-PET, and MRI-PET datasets. Extensive evaluation against classical hybrid strategies and recent CNN-based fusion methods shows that SWT-PnP-DnCNN achieves the best performance across standard metrics. We further include mean±std reporting and paired t-tests, confirming statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05). Ablation studies validate each design choice by comparing SWT-only vs. SWT+PnP and evaluating denoiser alternatives, with sensitivity to PnP iterations, regularization strength, and SWT levels. The runtime analysis clarifies feasible deployment, particularly in offline or cloud-based environments. Overall, SWT-PnP-DnCNN emerges as a robust, interpretable, and clinically valuable solution for enhancing MIF in medical imaging applications.
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