This paper presents an analytical and simulation-based treatment of the far-field radiation characteristics of a Multiple Log-Periodic Dipole Array (MLPA) antenna using Green’s function–based magnetic vector potential formulations. The study consolidates established electromagnetic theory by explicitly combining log-periodic element scaling, cumulative spatial phase delays, and array-level superposition into a single, transparent analytical workflow. The scalar free-space Green’s function is employed to derive the magnetic vector potential, from which far-field electric field expressions are obtained under standard approximations. Radiation characteristics such as half-power beamwidth, peak directivity, and sidelobe levels are extracted from MATLAB-based simulations and compared with representative theoretical LPDA performance ranges reported in the literature. The results demonstrate consistency with expected broadband LPDA behavior and serve primarily to illustrate the applicability of Green’s function methods to hierarchically structured log-periodic arrays. The work is intended as a reproducible analytical reference and pedagogical baseline for MLPA modeling, rather than as a replacement for full-wave numerical solvers or experimental validation.

Multiple Log-Periodic Array (MLPA) antennas have attracted significant research interest due to their broadband capability and high directivity. Their performance, however, depends critically on design parameters, often referred to as design factors, which directly influence the radiation characteristics. This paper presents an analytical evaluation of the influence of design factors on MLPA antenna performance, focusing on directivity, side lobe level (SLL), and beamwidth. The study employs the magnetic vector potential method to derive the array factor and investigates how variations in divergence spacing, scaling factor, and element length distribution affect the radiation properties. Analytical derivations are validated with numerical simulations to reveal the trade-offs between bandwidth enhancement and radiation stability. Results show that optimal tuning of design factors enhances radiation efficiency while minimizing undesirable sidelobe effects. The findings contribute to the optimization of MLPA antennas for applications in wireless communications, radar, and electronic warfare systems.