Urvashi; Parul Agarwal; Kamlesh Kumar Raghuvanshi; Jawed Ahmed

FL-EZTF: A Privacy-Preserving Federated Deep Learning Framework with Enhanced Zero Trust for Healthcare IoT Security

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Author(s)

Urvashi ¹ Parul Agarwal ^2,* Kamlesh Kumar Raghuvanshi ³ Jawed Ahmed ¹

1. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jamia Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi 110062, India

2. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences and Technology (SEST), Jamia Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi 110062, India

3. Department of Computer Science, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India

* Corresponding author.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5815/ijem.2026.04.22

Received: 12 Apr. 2026 / Revised: 27 Apr. 2026 / Accepted: 17 Jun. 2026 / Published: 8 Aug. 2026

Index Terms

Federated Learning, Zero Trust, SASE, Healthcare IoT, Intrusion Detection, Edge Computing, Privacy preserving

Abstract

Smart healthcare IoT systems are vulnerable to cyber threats as they deal with sensitive patient information. Problems such as privacy, scalability, and delayed response to threats in distributed healthcare environments challenge centralized security approaches. To mitigate the security challenges of cloud-edge healthcare IoT systems, this paper presents FL-EZTF, a privacy-preserving, Federated Deep Learning and Enhanced Zero Trust Framework. The framework combines federated learning, Enhanced Zero Trust Architecture (E-ZTA), and Secure Access Service Edge (SASE). In this framework, lightweight deep learning models are developed locally at hospitals and various edge nodes without the need to transfer sensitive medical data. In place of raw data, model updates are sent conveniently through a trustaware federated learning process. Simultaneously, E-ZTA performs continuous authentication, micro-segmentation, and access control to rapidly contain threats. The framework is assessed using CIC-IoT-2023, IoT-23, and WESAD datasets. The experimental results show improved accuracy in detection, lower rates of false positives, a significant reduction in the latency of decisions, and enhanced containment as compared to centralized and traditional federated learning.

Cite This Paper

Urvashi, Parul Agarwal, Kamlesh Kumar Raghuvanshi, Jawed Ahmed, "FL-EZTF: A Privacy-Preserving Federated Deep Learning Framework with Enhanced Zero Trust for Healthcare IoT Security", International Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing (IJEM), Vol.16, No.4, pp.324-343, 2026. DOI:10.5815/ijem.2026.04.22

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