Enhanced Educational Recommendations via Feedback-Refined Learning-to-Rank with XGBoost

PDF (1697KB), PP.176-193

Views: 0 Downloads: 0

Author(s)

Sushilkumar Chavhan 1,* Ujwalla Gawande 1 Sachin Jain 2 Nikhil Manglurkar 3 Rajesh Dharmik 1 Devendra Shahare 4

1. Department of Information Technology, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, India

2. Department of CSE,Oklahoma State University, United States

3. Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Nagpur Campus, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India

4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, India

* Corresponding author.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5815/ijieeb.2026.04.12

Received: 10 Oct. 2025 / Revised: 11 Nov. 2025 / Accepted: 19 Dec. 2025 / Published: 8 Aug. 2026

Index Terms

Personalized Recommendation System, Learning-to-Rank, XGBoost, Course Ranking, User Feedback, Educational Platforms

Abstract

A system that is personalized and capable of automatically suggesting appropriate courses based on a user's particular questions and interests provides customized recommendations. The system employs an LTR model relying on XGBoost to learn relationships between the queries and the courses. Dynamic ranking feature refinement enhances ranking, and a feedback loop constructs incrementally improving the recommendations by applying relevant courses to update the model. The scraped educational sites are the foundation of the dataset, where there are granular course descriptions as well as the interaction logs. Evaluation results indicate that the system is able to produce high ranking outcomes as evidenced by an NDCG value of 0.85 and high values for MRR. The system is able to produce low query processing latency, making it possible for real-time responsiveness. User feedback analysis following system retraining indicated a 90% increase in user satisfaction. The suggested framework is dynamic and provides personalized recommendations for courses in various learning environments.

Cite This Paper

Sushilkumar Chavhan, Ujwalla Gawande, Sachin Jain, Nikhil Manglurkar, Rajesh Dharmik, Devendra Shahare, "Enhanced Educational Recommendations via Feedback-Refined Learning-to-Rank with XGBoost", International Journal of Information Engineering and Electronic Business(IJIEEB), Vol.18, No.4, pp. 176-193, 2026. DOI:10.5815/ijieeb.2026.04.12

Reference

[1]A. I. Schein, A. Popescul, L. H. Ungar, and D. M. Pennock, “Methods and metrics for cold-start recommendations,” in Proc. 25th Annu. Int. ACM SIGIR Conf. Res. Dev. Inf. Retr., 2002, pp. 253–260.
[2]T. Tang and G. McCalla, “Smart recommendation for an evolving e-learning system: Architecture and experiment,” Int. J. E-Learn., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 105–129, 2005.
[3]P. Brusilovsky and E. Millán, “User models for adaptive hypermedia and adaptive educational systems,” in The Adaptive Web, Springer, 2007, pp. 3–53.
[4]X. Su and T. M. Khoshgoftaar, “A survey of collaborative filtering techniques,” Adv. Artif. Intell., vol. 2009, pp. 1–19, 2009.
[5]G. Adomavicius and A. Tuzhilin, “Toward the next generation of recommender systems: A survey of the state-of-the-art and possible extensions,” IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng., vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 734–749, 2005.
[6]P. Resnick and H. R. Varian, “Recommender systems,” Commun. ACM, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 56–58, 1997.
[7]T.-Y. Liu, “Learning to rank for information retrieval,” Found. Trends Inf. Retr., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 225–331, 2009
[8]S. Rendle, C. Freudenthaler, Z. Gantner, and L. Schmidt-Thieme, “BPR: Bayesian personalized ranking from implicit feedback,” in Proc. UAI, 2009, pp. 452–461.
[9]T. Chen and C. Guestrin, “XGBoost: A scalable tree boosting system,” in Proc. 22nd ACM SIGKDD Int. Conf. Knowl. Discov. Data Min., 2016, pp. 785–794.
[10]S. Zhang, L. Yao, A. Sun, and Y. Tay, “Deep learning based recommender system: A survey and new perspectives,” ACM Comput. Surv., vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 1–38, 2019.
[11]L. A. Pizzato, T. Rej, T. Chung, I. Koprinska, and J. Kay, “RECON: A reciprocal recommender for online dating,” in Proc. 4th ACM Conf. Recommender Syst., 2010, pp. 207–214.
[12]R. Burke, “Hybrid recommender systems: Survey and experiments,” User Model. User-Adapt. Interact., vol. 12, pp. 331–370, 2002
[13]T. Joachims, “Optimizing search engines using clickthrough data,” in Proc. 8th ACM SIGKDD Int. Conf. Knowl. Discov. Data Min., 2002, pp. 133–142.
[14]D. Jannach, G. Adomavicius, and A. Tuzhilin, “Recommendation systems: Challenges, insights and research opportunities,” ACM Trans. Manag. Inf. Syst. (TMIS), vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 1–34, 2016.
[15]J. Bobadilla, F. Ortega, A. Hernando, and A. Gutiérrez, “Recommender systems survey,” Knowl.-Based Syst., vol. 46, pp. 109–132, 2013.
[16]F. Ricci, L. Rokach, and B. Shapira, Recommender Systems Handbook. Springer, 2015.
[17]C. C. Aggarwal, Recommender Systems: The Textbook. Springer, 2016.
[18]S. Rendle, C. Freudenthaler, Z. Gantner, and L. Schmidt-Thieme, “BPR: Bayesian personalized ranking from implicit feedback,” in Proc. UAI, 2009, pp. 452–461.
[19]Y. Koren, R. Bell, and C. Volinsky, “Matrix factorization techniques for recommender systems,” Computer, vol. 42, no. 8, pp. 30–37, 2009.
[20]L. Wu, X. He, X. Wang, K. Zhang, and M. Wang, “A Survey of Neural Recommender Models,” IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 3348–3369, 2023.
[21]Zhou, Hongde, Fei Xiong, and Hongshu Chen. 2023. "A Comprehensive Survey of Recommender Systems Based on Deep Learning" Applied Sciences 13, no. 20: 11378. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132011378
[22]Wei, Peiyang, Hongping Shu, Jianhong Gan, Xun Deng, Yi Liu, Wenying Sun, Tinghui Chen, Can Hu, Zhenzhen Hu, Yonghong Deng, and et al. 2025. "Sequential Recommendation System Based on Deep Learning: A Survey" Electronics 14, no. 11: 2134. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14112134
[23]Khan, H.U., Naz, A., Alarfaj, F.K. et al. A transformer-based architecture for collaborative filtering modeling in personalized recommender systems. Sci Rep 15, 24503 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08931-1
[24]S. Chavhan and R. C. Dharmik, “Optimizing learning to rank models with neural network-based feature selection techniques,” Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 541–551, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.47974/jios-1958.