IJIEEB Vol. 17, No. 4, 8 Aug. 2025
Cover page and Table of Contents: PDF (size: 520KB)
PDF (520KB), PP.41-52
Views: 0 Downloads: 0
Machine Learning, Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machine, Gaussian Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Extra Tree Classifier, Gradient Boosting
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading global cause of mortality, underscoring the importance of its early detection. This research leverages advanced Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to predict Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) risk by analysing critical factors. A comprehensive evaluation of ten ML techniques, including K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Gaussian Naïve Bayes (GNB), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting (GB), AdaBoost, Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN), and Extremely Randomized Trees (ERT), was conducted. The ERT algorithm demonstrated superior performance, achieving the highest test accuracy of 88.52%, with precision, recall, and F1-scores of 0.89, 0.88, and 0.88, respectively, for class 0 (no CHD), and 0.88, 0.91, and 0.89, respectively, for class 1 (CHD). The model was optimized using hyperparameters such as a bootstrap setting of False, no maximum depth, a minimum sample split of 2, a minimum leaf size of 4, and 300 estimators. This study provides a detailed comparison of these techniques using metrics such as precision, recall, and F1-score, offering critical insights for optimizing predictive models in clinical applications. By advancing early detection methodologies, this work aims to support healthcare practitioners in reducing the global burden of cardiac diseases.
Ahmed Qtaishat, Wan Suryani Wan Awangb, "Enhanced Predictive Modelling of Heart Disease Using Optimized Machine Learning Algorithms", International Journal of Information Engineering and Electronic Business(IJIEEB), Vol.17, No.4, pp. 41-52, 2025. DOI:10.5815/ijieeb.2025.04.04
[1]WHO Cardiovascular diseases, Online: www.who.int/health-topics/cardiovascular-diseases. Access on date: 25/06/2024.
[2]Sarma, H., Sahariah, J. J., Devi, R., & Sharma, H. K. (2022). Challenges and opportunities in the management of cardiovascular diseases. Sciences of Phytochemistry, 1(1), 42-46.
[3]Chaudhuri, A. K., Das, S., & Ray, A. (2024). An Improved Random Forest Model for Detecting Heart Disease. In Data-Centric AI Solutions and Emerging Technologies in the Healthcare Ecosystem (pp. 143-164). CRC Press.
[4]Shah, D., Patel, S., & Bharti, S. K. (2020). Heart disease prediction using machine learning techniques. SN Computer Science, 1(6), 345.
[5]Mijwil, M., Faieq, A. K., & Aljanabi, M. (2024). Early Detection of Cardiovascular Disease Utilizing Machine Learning Techniques: Evaluating the Predictive Capabilities of Seven Algorithms. Iraqi Journal For Computer Science and Mathematics, 5(1), 263-276.
[6]Repaka, A. N., Ravikanti, S. D., & Franklin, R. G. (2019). Design and implementing heart disease prediction using naives Bayesian. In 2019 3rd International conference on trends in electronics and informatics (ICOEI) (pp. 292-297). IEEE.
[7]Paranthaman, M., Yaathash, B., Santhosh, S., & Sanjairam, M. (2022). Cardiovascular disease prediction using deep learning. In 2022 6th International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics (ICOEI) (pp. 1399-1404). IEEE.
[8]Deepika, D., & Balaji, N. (2022). Effective heart disease prediction using novel MLP-EBMDA approach. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, 72, 103318.
[9]Xie, J., Wu, R., Wang, H., Chen, H., Xu, X., Kong, Y., & Zhang, W. (2021). Prediction of cardiovascular diseases using weight learning based on density information. Neurocomputing, 452, 566-575.
[10]Faizal, A. S. M., Thevarajah, T. M., Khor, S. M., & Chang, S. W. (2021). A review of risk prediction models in cardiovascular disease: conventional approach vs. artificial intelligent approach. Computer methods and programs in biomedicine, 207, 106190.
[11]Janaraniani, N., Divya, P., Madhukiruba, E., Santhosh, R., Reshma, R., & Selvapandian, D. (2022). Heart attack prediction using machine learning. In 2022 4th International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA) (pp. 854-860). IEEE.
[12]Azmi, J., Arif, M., Nafis, M. T., Alam, M. A., Tanweer, S., & Wang, G. (2022). A systematic review on machine learning approaches for cardiovascular disease prediction using medical big data. Medical engineering & physics, 105, 103825.
[13]Chinnasamy, P., Kumar, S. A., Navya, V., Priya, K. L., & Boddu, S. S. (2022). Machine learning based cardiovascular disease prediction. Materials Today: Proceedings, 64, 459-463.
[14]Kiran, J. S., Kavitha, J., Krishna, V., Divya, N., Babu, G. C., & Rustum, R. (2022). An experimental study on applying supervised machine learning techniques for identification and detection of cardiac attacks. In 2022 International Conference on Edge Computing and Applications (ICECAA) (pp. 1437-1443). IEEE.
[15]Jegedeesan, R., Karpagam, T., & Jayashree, K. (2022, October). Prediction of cardiovascular diseases using neural networks and machine learning. In 2022 IEEE 4th International Conference on Cybernetics, Cognition and Machine Learning Applications (ICCCMLA) (pp. 174-178). IEEE.
[16]Stonier, A. A., Gorantla, R. K., & Manoj, K. (2023). Cardiac disease risk prediction using machine learning algorithms. Healthcare Technology Letters.
[17]Bhatt, C. M., Patel, P., Ghetia, T., & Mazzeo, P. L. (2023). Effective heart disease prediction using machine learning techniques. Algorithms, 16(2), 88.